Reflections on EdTech

I've never been a Luddite. Or at least, never for terribly long. When I was in my mid-thirties my life was abruptly cast overboard when I found myself divorced and having to re-forge a career. Fortunately for me a newly discovered ability to embrace and explore change allowed me to become quite comfortable with technology.

I loved the facility of word processing to enable to me to write quickly and cut and paste on a screen rather than on the floor amid scraps of paper, scissors and tape. Excel recreated time. What had taken me, literally, weeks to do in 1980 I was able to do in less than an hour in 2000 through the magic of database management.

And all that stuff I struggled to remember for the sporadic times I needed it could be parked outside my memory and found instantly via Google (or Alta Vista then)! I had far more important things to keep track of than the state capitals. And the beauty of Chart Wizard in converting data that was daunting into visuals that told stories was invaluable in telling numbers stories to those who were inumerate in sophisticated analysis.

So, I like technology. And I'm a bit on the fence when sides are drawn up whether technology is enhancing education or damaging it. I think we all have a tendency to want the next generation to learn as we did; I'm not sure what the spiffy German word is for this mind-set, but I know that it exists and is unfortunately one of the more powerful tenets underlying education.

I was shocked and not a little disturbed when a twenty-something classmate, not even a year out of college, exclaimed her disapproval that fourth graders looked up words on dictionary.com rather than thumbing through a three dimensional dictionary. While I hope these children do know the alphabet and can look up something in a abecedarian index if they are faced with it, I am thrilled that they cared enough to look up the definition and had learned that instant meaning gratification was available and desirable.

If this twenty-something who has never been out of school...first as a student and now as a grad-student and teacher is the future of teaching and she herself is wed to her own past learning experience, I fear for all of us.

Teaching requires an open mind of the teacher if it is to open the minds of the students. Technology is a great enabler for open exploration and may provide a forum for the teacher and student to take that journey together.

Lately on Dangerously Irrelevant

A fabulous, open video to educators everywhere was recently posted on Dangerously Irrelevant.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-P2PGGeTOA4

As I develop my own learning curriculum which will enable me to do policy work on behalf of tortured adolescents everywhere, this struck a great chord. As Dan Brown, the young creator of this video aptly points out, educational institutions today are still stuck in the days of yore when information was scarce and therefore valuable. As information has become fully socialized and available for free to all, facts and data points have become commodities. The analysis, contextual interpretation and predictive hypothesis of aggregated facts and data is where the value proposition lies.

So why are we still so keen on having our students memorize facts when we have no idea whether they can develop informed points of view of what those facts meant, mean or might mean to the future. Why are we using one dimensional textbooks when the stories we wish to tell can be brought to life with the multi-media experiences available to anyone with a modem and a computer? Especially, since the textbooks are coming out of Texas which wants our students to believe that evolution is a theory like creationism and that the civil rights movement created unrealistic expectations for minorities. Do we really want to codify that kind of thinking?

The embrace of the present and future of the information age requires that teachers and educators be familiar and comfortable with information technology and able to use it in their pedagogy. This also means distinguishing between what kids do naturally with media and what needs a bit more encouragement and edification from the instructor. Throw a chart of numbers in front of anyone, adult or adolescent and watch their eyes glaze and their palms sweat. Show how those number visually tell a story of relationships and comparisons through the magic of ChartWizard and suddenly those who leaned away lean forward. Especially if they are learning how to use the pie charts to understand their own finances and find a way to save money or buy that new iPad.

Why make kids read dusty literature from the 19th century while deriding their own culture. How much more might Huck Finn, and maybe just a chapter or two, mean to a teenager if he can explore through hip hop and Eminem? Why write a paper if a student can write a lyric or produce a digital story or podcast?

We want kids to think, not just spew back facts we've asked them to commit to memory until such time as the test is over and they can promptly forget those facts so they have space for new, equally dead facts. Thinking is active and thus requires interactivity between the students and the educators. A lecture hall with a professor and a powerpoint in front of 200 students is sooooooo last century.

Inquiry Model and Discipline Re-Integration

For me there is no learning without the inquiry model. Period. I believe this fervently as both a permanent student and a former business woman. If we do not ask questions we do not have a vested interest in information. The questioning process is the gateway to engagement. Moreover, if the teacher and student ask the questions together and the teacher also learns from the inquiry, the students will be likely to be more engaged. As a team-leader for many years in the workplace, I found that the more the team and I discovered new solutions together, the better the quality of the work and the esprit de corps.

Frankly, I found many of the charts and pictorial displays of the inquiry model rather distracting. That said, the theory of "habits of mind" resonates loudly for me. The recognition of "ground rules" is also quite useful and validating and affirming varied approaches to information gathering and analysis. Moreover, this construct provides the basis for the effective re-integration of compartmentalized educational disciplines.

Accordingly, I find the four components to habits of mind useful and essential to effect the interdisciplinary thinking that is so acutely and sadly missing from public education:

1. Inference questions: What can content tell us?
2. Interpretation questions: If we expand our thinking about content in larger conceptual frameworks, what themes can we recognize?
3. Transfer questions: If we then look at the content and prospective themes in broader context, what can we hypothesize about their generality or application?
4. Questions about hypotheses: How do we call upon nurtured and incorporated habits of mind to organize, interrelate and communicate the information we research to prove or disprove our hypotheses?

Inquiry is iterative and builds upon prior knowledge and experience. In a world where apprenticeships are rare, inquiry can be a proxy for experiencing cause and effect and a driver of higher order critical thinking.

Importantly, in the process of designing the question the search for the right answers is born. In any inquiry, even as seemingly mundane as "When did the French Revolution end?" the process to the answer is in clearly defining the desired outcome, or success metric of the answer.

For example, there are several dates that might be proffered as the end of the Revolution: the end of the Reign of Terror, the execution of Robespierre, the ascension of Napoleon to First Consul. But these are what Dewey would have called "dead facts." Dates are nothing more than points on a timeline and memorizing them without inference, interpretation, transfer and hypothesis is an empty learning process.

By contrast, we might ask ourselves what we believe signified the end so that we can draw inferences from the content: was it restoration of public order? Was it restoration of aristocracy? Was it the rise of Napoleon? Was it war with Europe? Each of these content points provides us with different inference cues and thus questions for further interpretation, contextual implications and hypotheses for what occurred in France, Europe and what we might learn about human behavior.

Importantly, there is ample opportunity for this process of defining the answer to incorporate currently segregated disciplines. What does the art of Jean Jacques David tell us about the emotional impulses of this period? What does the fascination with Greek and Roman classics mean in a country where the Catholicism is the official state religion with all of the economic and political power this entails? How did Napoleon revolutionize warfare? Was Napoleon a despicable tyrant like Hitler? How do we assess the contributions of Napoleon to world and historical knowledge such as finding the Rosetta Stone?

Napoleon referred to the necessity of religion to "inoculate" the populace to maintain social inequity; the rewards for the poor came in the afterlife. How does religion over the course of human history become a political tool for maintaining social hierarchy whether it is the secondary status of women in most orthodoxies or the evangelical chauvinism that leads to chronic conflict in human history?

And so on. The opportunity to frame an event through defining what we wish to learn about it and asking the questions that will get us there can assist students to become lifelong learners, students of their own curiosity.

We see how religion, sociology, philosophy, art history, architecture, history, science and technology all interact, interrelate and organize to provide us with a more satisfying view into how our contemporary society connects to the past.

I found a fabulous webcast that would assist in inquiry learning and connect disciplines and timelines. It is a webcast on propaganda and it is highly engaging and very versatile.

Address as follows: http://gozips.uakron.edu/~jat28/hypermedia/final/index.htm

Universal Design Concept Map

I was most taken with the three principles that put the student's ability to learn at the heart of the dialog. After a long and strange career in communications and marketing, I've worked in many capacities with the three principles that emphasize the one-to-one connection of recognition, affective engagement and expression (both of teacher and student, marketer and audience, parent and child, etc.). These are central to awareness and persuasion which is what, at the end of the day, the teacher wishes to convey. Importantly, these three principles rest on the conviction that the person learning comes to the process with individual abilities, inclinations and information incorporation styles. As long as we respect the students, we have a start to develop an effective dialog.

Concept Mapping and Social Studies

The beauty of concept mapping is its interactivity which is not fabulously conveyed in a static screen shot. Thus, I've done two screen shots...a before and after of sorts.

I built this concept map as a visual aid for presentation to dimensionalize how and why social studies and social sciences can be merged and amplified to develop a meaningful secondary curriculum focus to better prepare students to understand the social contract in the world around them. Communications is the key nexus which ties us all to the floating continuum of human history. Thus, communications in multiple links is the center of the main idea that defines Social Sciences Studies and connects the many disciplines and study areas to one another. Communications from the most basic physical form of human touch to the most symbolic form of cyber-social media is how we share the belief systems that form the social contract.

Social Sciences Studies embraces and is visually linked to the primary study disciplines of Economics, Government, Geography and History. Each of these recognized study areas is further visually defined by the components that comprise their study. These components are certainly not all-inclusive but are representative.

Adjunct links which overlap across the four primary above include Cultural Studies, Philosophy, Ecology and Religion and serve to demonstrate how varied the human experience is over time, geography and culture. These adjunct links provide the context in which human interaction drives behaviors and belief systems.

These eight study areas all theoretically connect to one another through communications at the center. It is how we share them that builds communities of practice between and among individuals and groups of people.

Providing deeper understanding of these essential links are the rich disciplines of Psychology, Anthropology, Arts, Sociology and Science & Technology. These disciplines intersect and overlap through communications to help us understand the richness of the human experience.

In an interactive setting with a smartboard, or pre-designed through a dynamic presentation, the the audience either participates in or visually sees how the studies are populated with their components and how they all link together. For example, we see through the links that the study of Cultural Anthropology and Linguistics connects us to Religion and Philosophy and is manifest in the Arts, perhaps in architecture and literature. As we learn more, we see that other, seemingly distinct ares, such as Science & Technology and Religion are, in fact, connected through how and what they communicate about a people. A primary demonstration of this would be architecture, which though commonly associated with the Arts, embodies cultural and social aesthetic, religion, government, sociology, ecology and technology in the construction of the great temples over the millennia of human history.

The design for this is expressly to reconnect the social sciences with each other, and to merge social studies with the social sciences. This is to elevate them in the secondary curriculum which is slowly becoming an instrument of math and science to the exclusion of the richer cultural studies. Moreover, we see how math, science, technology, innovation are enmeshed within social systems and how communications enable us to demonstrate them.

The second slide, would be ideally interactive as the audience and the presenter populate the map with real visuals of the varied symbolic components for each of the disciplines. Thus we have the written word, flags, bridges, family structure and commerce all of which are demonstrations of how we communicate with another.

It is essential for all students to be able to read, write and perform necessary mathematical functions. For some, it may even be valuable to know what a mole is (in chemistry and biology). But, unless our students know how they connect to human history, we have scant hope for a better future.

LOVE this....www.wordle.com!

Yesterday and Today and Tomorrow?

Some more conflated pictures. The "old" ones, AKA Before, were taken by my father in Shanghai in 1945 where he was stationed after the allied victory there. The afters were found in the public domain... :) These can be great inspirations for kids to look at their own family history and geography and look for changes and sameness over time. The use of historical pictures of famous cites, places and events and their juxtaposition with current imagery can reinforce the continuity of time and students' connection to history.

Photoshop and Living History

History is the recording of experience along the human continuum across time. Here we see in both the physical and symbolic world how time co-exists with the human experience that comprises history.

This is my great grandfather, Solomon Milton Schatzkin in Egypt in the 1920s, I believe. He is the Teddy Roosevelt-ish fellow on the camel to the left. I have superimposed my parents sitting on the sand. This picture is from their honeymoon in 1994. To demonstrate how technology connects time and people, I have superimposed a satellite dish on the Great Pyramid as well as a stealth fighter. The pictures I have used are from dreamtimesfree.com and are copyright free images.

I am fortunate that I have all of my family pictures from the 40s onward digitized and I have great, great fun with Photoshop Elements. More to come for sure.

Multi-Media, Multi-tasking @ 1955

A boy, a globe, a book.

History pod-cast

History is more than the memorization of dates and names and places. History is our connection with our social and cultural selves. Accordingly, the State of Connecticut includes a content standard for Applying History; for ensuring that educated students will be able to recognize the continuing importance of historical thinking and knowledge in their own lives and the world in which they live.

In other words, when we share history with our students, we empower them to a deeper and more significant understanding of the world around them. Ultimately, we are connecting and linking our children to the human experience. And to surely do so, we must bring the people of history alive.

Technology, by adding dimension and multisensual experience to communications is uniquely able to assist us to bring the events and people of history to full human dimension. Moreover how technology interacts with communications presents a unique opportunity to teaching and learning learning: inextricably intertwining the medium with the message. It enables us to meaningfully focus on the transfer of information, human communications as the common thread across history. We will learn how the changes in physical communications such as the building of roads and canals to the developments in symbolic communications such as the printing press, the telephone and the internet drive social movements and create events we call history.

We can see how the innovations in communications open information and knowledge to different audiences and how audiences come to identify their media with their messages. In the early Renaissance Latin was the language of the educated classes and of diplomacy. The rise of the nation-state was accompanied by the rise of the "vulgar" tongues and the controversial tranlsation of the Bible into indigenous languages. This was as momentous a societal and cultural shift among its contemporaries as the internet is to our world today. Entirely new groups of people were in communication and sharing new ideas.

History was made. And thus, history continues to be made every day and in every way intimately connected to how we communicate.

Curriculum Standards--Why Social Studies?

I was born in 1954 (mid-century to the modern generation) and thus was the first generation that grew up with TV. My parents were pretty skeptical about the long term intellectual value of TV and I was allowed to watch one program only during Monday through Thursday; I chose the Flintstones. I also loved anything about the olden days. From fairy tales to stories about my mother's youth in the thirties to stories about the colonial days, I gobbled anything historical. My favorite exhibit at the Metropolitan Museum in New York City is the armor exhibit. I find it simply spellbinding.

Thus, when I selected the Flintstones, I at age 8 had already combined my love for media with my love for history.

As a history lover, I am always saddened and dismayed by the contempt and utter boredom with which my millennial children and the gen-X'ers hold history. I do not blame them. It has been abysmally taught with scant an ear or eye to how and why what came before is inextricably tied to what is now. I feel an abiding need to be part of the change of curriculum which will bring social sciences, including history, to the forefront of curriculum in secondary school. More specifically, I believe if we can demonstrate for students and assist students to uncover for themselves how the transfer of information has led social movements over time then we can begin to link the Internet to hieroglyphics and perhaps awaken a latent interest in human history.

There is in the Connecticut Social Studies Curriculum Framework (www.ctsocialstudies.org/standards.htm) a very specific standard that is ideal for enhancing the teaching and learning of social studies/history:

Content Standard 3: Historical Themes--"Students will apply their understanding of historical periods, issues and trends to examine such historical themes as ideals, beliefs and institutions; conflict and conflict resolutions; human movement and interaction; and science and technology in order to understand how the world came to be the way it is."

Within this standard are a few sub-standards that give this context, and have the potential to bring history alive for students:

Sub (15) "Explain how a civilization/nation's arts, architecture, music and literature reflect its culture and history."

Sub (16) "Explain the significance of globalization on the world's nations and societies (e.g. cross border migrations, economic trade, cultural exchange)."

Sub (22) "Analyze the impact of technological and scientific change on world civilizations, (e.g. printing press, gun powder, vaccines, computers)."

Sub (26) "Evaluate the impact of major belief systems on societies and nations, ( e.g. religions, philosophies, political theories)."

Each of these sub-standards reflects a respect for the patterns of information transfer among and between people as the nexus of movement and change over time.

Bringing these alive with technology is an unparallelled opportunity to both inculcate the use of technology into the everyday lives of students as well as adding dimension and human experience to the past.

Some curriculum enhancing ideas using technology include (and are not limited to):

Video

1. Embedding video into lessons. PBS and and many education sites have a plethora of well done and educative videos that will enhance the learning experience
2. Many old films reflect biases that have been acknowledged and questioned over time; students can create their own videos revising and revisiting old mythology that has newer interpretations

Audio

1. Music has always been a marvelous connection to the sentiments of a time. Lyrics, instruments, musical beats and tempos, and the performers tell us about the social movements of the time. Having students look for musical themes that unite disparate time periods will both open their ears to music in a new way as well as connecting music both to history and to today.
2. Having students create social movement music for today.

Time and Space

Every development in information transfer alters perceptions of time and space. It is said that a trip to Mars would take six months with today's technology. In 1497, it took Vasco DeGama over months to reach Calcutta from Lisbon.

1. Using GIS and GPS technology students today can calculate routes all around the map using different transportation systems and thus "feel" what it was like to receive a letter, a newspaper and goods from different continents over the centuries versus the instant gratification of today. Moreover, within context, they can begin to understand what instant gratification felt like in 1600, versus 1700, 1800, 1850, etc.
2. Time has changed its meaning over history. Combing mathematics, statistical modeling, and data about the timeline for information transfer, students can begin to develop models for how social movements accelerate their diffusion over time and the implications this has for conflict resolution and political process.

Blogging is....Slogging?

Blogging is for old folks--too much time, too many words, too many bloggers. Personally, I find all the blogs out there, including my own, overwhelming and numbing. Alvin Toffler, here we come.

http://tinyurl.com/yfbzdgv

Thought for the day

English spelling was not codified until the mid 18th century. So "proper" spelling is only about 250 years old. Shakespeare pre-dates it. The words of Petrarch, Erasmus, Machiavelli, Queen Elizabeth, Henry VIII, and well, you get it, all were spelled phonetically by whomever transcribed them. And think of the brilliance they conveyed. All the inventions realized and new worlds discover
ed. Does spelling really matter all that much? It sure didn't stop Einstein. We all (mostly) know what we mean with the words we write, even if we spell them incorektlee. And we have spell-check, for better or for worse.

We all use our calculators now to do division. We don't think twice about it. Why not use computers to spell-check words that are nonsensically spelled anyway? While, wily? Not, knot? Knew, gnu? Whom, wham? It's all goofy. Night, knight, site, cite, sight. Might is right or might could be? It's all a bit of a bother.

So , I vote for modernizing education and technology and stop spending so much time on spelling and testing it and lets find out if anyone actually understands what we mean rather than how we spell. As Mark Twain said....

I don't give a damn for a man that can only spell a word one way.

Listen and Learn?

I am an acutely visual learner. I read voraciously, highlight and jot notes. I also have a ping-pong ball for a brain so when I'm listening to speech, and do not have visual reference points for it, it is likely my thoughts will be ponging around my head. As a result, when listening to a book or a lecture without seeing the words I think tangentially. I may hear the speaker's presentation of Thomas Jefferson's theory of frugal government and my mind will wander to Jefferson's profligate personal finance, the sale of his slaves after his death and I find myself thinking hard about our founding fathers as imperfect (possibly selectively hypocritical) humans when, in fact, I'm supposed to be following the speaker's intended discourse on today's deficit. Once again, I'm on the wrong ping-pong table. Why this preamble?

I worry that educators and well-meaning technology innovators will rush to provide lessons, "readings" and instruction in audio format to take advantage of teenagers' immersion in the iPod world without providing the needed visual cues for those whose learning style is more visual than auditory. I worry about those students who are like me and are likely to disengage from purely auditory instruction. To educate, we must first engage the student. Numerous theories in educational psychology demonstrate that the more senses engaged in an experience, the greater its memory retention value. New studies also indicate that multi-tasking is mythical and that attention divided is attention at deficit to and disengaged from the tasks at hand. Thus, while I applaud and endorse the adaptation of auditory technology in education, I just need assurance that other sensory stimuli will also be packaged in the lessons to create total immersion and engagement in the lesson, not just the medium.

My Favorite Blog...

I'm addicted to Bridging Differences: http://blogs.edweek.org/edweek/Bridging-Differences/

Co-blogged by Deborah Meier and Diane Ravitch, activists who have devoted their professional live to public education they are noteworthy for their apparent differences and many spirited dialogues over the decades. Meier is a Deweyian and champion of the democratic mission for our schools while Ravitch is more of a traditionalist and as educational policy maker in the first Bush first administration was instrumental in the laying the groundwork for nationalized curriculum and standards and accountability efforts currently embodied in NCLB. Both brilliant women, they find themselves often strange bedfellows in deploring the current state of public education and the cynical effects that implementation of NCLB is having on the children it is supposed to help.

While not a technology site per se, the national dialog about core curriculum, standards, assessment and the definition of education in the 21st Century cannot be meaningful without incorporating technology solutions. I believe fervently that technology has at least three key roles for education: 1. Engaging demonstration of the application of key skills via multiple learning styles/intelligences through use of multimedia, 2. Encouraging higher level thinking through creative and innovative problem solving using multimedia and computing technologies, 3. Supporting the development and implementation of varied and informative systems of formative and summative assessment. Thus, I read their entries and look for the prospective solutions that technology can bring to the resolution of some key policy issues and questions.

Teddy Bears Go Blogging

Technology for children done well is marvelous to behold. And this was a marvelous example of tapping into children's native curiosity and social nature by using technology as a facilitator. This is the pen-pal for the 21st Century. Importantly, this class project focused on the communications experience rather than the technology itself and this focus is the key piece we need to keep foremost in our thoughts as we incorporate technology into our educational programs. These children learned so much through this exercise that would formerly and formally be parceled into different curricular areas: language arts, geography, culture, home economics and history. Moreover, they learned to collaborate and cooperate with their peers. The opportunity that technology presents, particularly in the town-hall, writ-large, cyber-community of social media, is an extraordinary means to re-integrate educational disciplines in a real-world, social context for our children. Unlike the plastic Mr. Potato Head, this is an excellent, educative and meaningful application of new technology to update an old children's pass-time.